Hugh
Pattison Macmillan, Baron Macmillan, GCVO, PC, FRSE (20
February 1873 – 5 September 1952) was a Scottish advocate, judge,
parliamentarian and civil servant. |
|
He was born in Glasgow,
the son of the Rev Hugh Macmillan DD FRSE (1833-1903) and
Jane Patison (1833-1922). His father was minister of St Peter''s Free Church
in Glasgow. The family moved to 70 Union Street in Greenock in
1878. |
Hugh was educated at
Collegiate School, Greenock from 1878, then studied at
the University of Edinburgh (M.A. 1st class honours in philosophy,
1893 Bruce of Grangehill and Falkland Scholarship) and the University of
Glasgow (LLB). He was indentured for three years to the firm Cowan,
Fraser and Clapperton while he studied the Law, in which he
distinguished himself by winning the Cunningham Scholarship for Conveyancing
in the year 1896. He was admitted to the Faculty of
Advocates in 1897 with a public defence of an assigned Thesis De diversis regulis juris antiqui, and
later became King''s Counsel in 1912. For a time he wrote
articles on conveyancing for Green''s Encyclopedia
of Scots Law, and was Editor of the
quarterly Juridical Review between 1900 and 1907. |
During the First World
War Macmillan served as Assistant Director of Intelligence for the
Ministry of Information. |
Macmillan suffered an illness,
and surgery thereon, in 1917, at which time he decided to cease his nascent
political career (then in abeyance for the duration of the Great War).
In October 1922, he was asked by Bonar Law to become the Solicitor-General
for Scotland, which he declined because of his political stripe. |
In 1923 he was elected a
Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. His proposers were Edward
Theodore Salvesen (Lord Salvesen), William Archer Tait, Robert
Blyth Greig and Sir Edmund Taylor Whittaker. He resigned from the
Society in 1931. |
When the Labour government
of Ramsay MacDonald was elected in 1924 – the first time
the Labour Party had taken power – it had no KCs in
Scotland amongst its parliamentary representation. Macdonald therefore turned
to Macmillan, whose reputation at the Bar was considerable, to take the job
of Lord Advocate, even though he was a Conservative. He served as
Lord Advocate from February to November 1924, and was sworn of
the Privy Council on 16 April that year. |
Macmillan was standing counsel
for a vast array of clients, that included the Dominion
of Canada from 1928, and for the Commonwealth
of Australia from 1929. He chaired in 1924 the Royal
Commission on Lunacy and Mental Health, in 1929 the Committee on Finance
and Industry, and in 1932 the Committee on Income Tax Codification. |
On 3 February 1930, he was
appointed to replace Lord Sumner as a Lord of Appeal in
Ordinary, and was simultaneously created a life peer as Baron Macmillan of Aberfeldy in
the County of Perth, one of few men to have been appointed a judge
in the House of Lords straight from the Bar. Macmillan sat as
a Law Lord until 1947 except for a brief period at the outbreak
of World War II when he was Minister of
Information. However he came in for much criticism in this role and was
soon replaced. The Ministry of Information was located in the Senate
House, University of London, and the Macmillan
Hall there is named after him. |
Macmillan produced some 152
judgments in the House of Lords, and some 77 in the Judicial Committee
of the Privy Council. |
He held a number of
chairmanships, including the Committee on Finance and Industry in
1929–31, the Canadian Royal Commission on Banking and Currency in
1933, the Pilgrim Trust from 1935 to 1952, the Political
Honours Committee from 1935 to 1952, the Court of the University of
London from 1929 to 1943, and the BBC Advisory Council from
1936 to 1946. He was a member of the Wytham Abbey Trust, founded by
Colonel Raymond ffennell. He was elected Trustee of
the British Museum, and was in 1934 principal proponent and founder
of the Stair Society, which was designed "to encourage the study
and advance the knowledge of the history of Scots Law by the publication of
original documents and by the reprinting and editing of works of sufficient
rarity or importance." |
Macmillan led, over the course
of a decade to 7 August 1925, the effort to create the National Library
of Scotland; the Committee which he chaired was noticed by Alexander
Grant, head of McVitie and Price biscuit makers, who donated the
bulk of the endowment This happy event culminated with the passage
at Westminster of the National Library of Scotland Act 1925. |
He provided the 1934 Rede
Lecture at Cambridge, the 1934 Maudsley Lecture, the 1935 Henry Sidgwick
Memorial Lecture, and in 1936 a Broadcast National Lecture. These were bound
as Law and Other Things. He was appointed in 1941 to the Professorship
of Law at the Royal Academy of Arts, and was chosen an Honorary Member by
the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. In 1948 he became an Honorary
Fellow of the Royal Institute of British Architects. He delivered the Andrew
Lang Memorial Lecture, and the Commemorative Oration at the University of
Glasgow''s 500th anniversary in 1951. |
He was appointed a Privy
Counsellor in 1924 and was awarded the GCVO in 1937. He
would earn the distinction of LLD from his two alma
matres, Edinburgh on 17 July
1924., again in 1931 at the University of London, and again in 1932
at the University of St. Andrews. In North America, he was awarded LLDs
from McGill University, Queen''s University at Kingston, Dalhousie
University and Columbia University, and a DCL from Case
Western Reserve University, as well as being inducted into the Order of
the Coif. |
He was unanimously elected 13
May 1924 the first Honorary Bencher of Inner Temple. He was elected
honorary member of the Institution of Civil Engineers, of the Smeatonian
Society of Civil Engineers, and of the Institution of Municipal and County
Engineers.
|